{"id":2232,"date":"2008-10-06T12:16:49","date_gmt":"2008-10-06T12:16:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/t.motd.kr\/articles\/2232\/performance-comparison-between-nio-frameworks"},"modified":"2022-12-28T01:45:32","modified_gmt":"2022-12-27T16:45:32","slug":"performance-comparison-between-nio-frameworks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vault.motd.kr\/wordpress\/posts\/2232\/performance-comparison-between-nio-frameworks\/","title":{"rendered":"Performance Comparison between NIO Frameworks"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Most <span class=\"caps\">NIO<\/span> frameworks can saturate 1 gigabit ethernet at some point. However, some frameworks can saturate the bandwidth with the smaller number of connections while others can not. The performance numbers of the 5 well-known open source <span class=\"caps\">NIO<\/span> frameworks are presented here to help you figure out the excellence of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.jboss.org\/netty\/\">Netty<\/a> in performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Where\u2019s the Graph?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>If you are in a hurry, please scroll down to see the graphs first. You can also download <a href=\"http:\/\/www.jboss.org\/dms\/netty\/performance\/20081006-tlee\/performance.pdf\">the <span class=\"caps\">PDF<\/span> document<\/a> which contains detailed numbers and graphs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What\u2019s the Bottom Line?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Unlike usual expectations, <strong><span class=\"caps\">NIO<\/span> frameworks have different performance characteristics<\/strong> in spite of the fact that they are using the same <span class=\"caps\">NIO<\/span> selector provider.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>What\u2019s observed is that <strong>the difference comes from the fundamental factors<\/strong> such as data structure and thread contention management, and those factors should never be overlooked.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jboss.org\/netty\/\">Netty<\/a> has succeeded to introduce the breakthrough in <span class=\"caps\">NIO<\/span> framework performance with careful engineering, while retaining the flexible architecture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Test Scenario<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A simple echo server and client exchange fixed length messages one by one (i.e. synchronous ping-pong). The handler code, which sends the received data back in verbatim, is executed in a separate thread pool that each <span class=\"caps\">NIO<\/span> framework provides.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The tests were run with different message lengths (64 ~ 16384 bytes) and different network configurations (loopback and 1 gigabit ethernet), to see how well each framework performs on various conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Test Environment<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Software\n<ul>\n<li>The test client has been written in <a href=\"http:\/\/www.jboss.org\/netty\/\">Netty 3.0.0.CR5<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Echo server implementations\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jboss.org\/netty\/\">Netty 3.0.0.CR5<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Other 4 open source <span class=\"caps\">NIO<\/span> frameworks\n<ul>\n<li>Grizzly, <span class=\"caps\">MINA<\/span>, <span class=\"caps\">NIO<\/span> Framework, and xSocket<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Used the latest milestone releases as of <strong>October 3rd, 2008<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Excluded inactive projects (no release in 2008)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Framework names were anonymized in no particular order.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Thread pool\n<ul>\n<li>The number of I\/O threads \u2013 the number of the <span class=\"caps\">CPU<\/span> cores<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The number of handler threads \u2013 16<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The default thread pool that each framework provides was used.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If the framework doesn\u2019t provide a thread pool implementation which limits the maximum number of threads, <code>Executors.newFixedThreadPool()<\/code> was used instead.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use of direct buffers was suppressed to avoid excessive memory consumption.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span class=\"caps\">JRE<\/span> \u2013 Sun <span class=\"caps\">JDK<\/span> 1.6.0_07<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span class=\"caps\">JRE<\/span> options \u2013 <code>-server -Xms2048m -Xmx2048m -XX:+UseParallelGC -XX:+AggressiveOpts -XX:+UseFastAccessorMethods<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hardware\n<ul>\n<li>Server (Hostname: Eden)\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"caps\">CPU<\/span>: 2 x quad-core Xeon 2.83GHz, \u2018performance\u2019 governor<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>O\/S: Linux 2.6.25.11-97.fc9 (Fedora 9)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span class=\"caps\">RAM<\/span>: 6 GiB<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span class=\"caps\">NIC<\/span>: Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet <span class=\"caps\">PCI<\/span> express<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Client (Hostname: Serpent)\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"caps\">CPU<\/span>: 2 x dual-core Xeon 3.00GHz, \u2018performance\u2019 governor<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>O\/S: Linux 2.6.25.11-97.fc9 (Fedora 9)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span class=\"caps\">RAM<\/span>: 3 GiB<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span class=\"caps\">NIC<\/span>: Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet <span class=\"caps\">PCI<\/span> express<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>No switching hub was used to minimized possible network latency.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Common <span class=\"caps\">TCP<\/span>\/IP parameters\n<ul>\n<li><code>TCP_NODELAY<\/code> was turned on. (i.e. Nagle\u2019s algorithm was disabled.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/ipsysctl-tutorial.frozentux.net\/ipsysctl-tutorial.html#AEN499\">net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle<\/a> has been set to <code>1<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Used the default <span class=\"caps\">MTU<\/span> (i.e. <code>1500<\/code> \u2013 no jumbo frame)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Test Result<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Client and Server on the Same Machine (Loopback Device)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The test client and servers ran on the same machine, Eden. (If images are not showing up, please refresh. There are three graphs here.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.jboss.org\/dms\/netty\/performance\/20081006-tlee\/loopback-128.png\" alt=\"Size=128, Loopback\" title=\"Size=128, Loopback\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.jboss.org\/dms\/netty\/performance\/20081006-tlee\/loopback-1024.png\" alt=\"Size=1024, Loopback\" title=\"Size=1024, Loopback\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.jboss.org\/dms\/netty\/performance\/20081006-tlee\/loopback-4096.png\" alt=\"Size=4096, Loopback\" title=\"Size=4096, Loopback\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Client and Server on Different Machines (1 Gigabit Ethernet)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The test client ran in Serpent, and the servers ran in Eden. (If images are not showing up, please refresh. There are three graphs here.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.jboss.org\/dms\/netty\/performance\/20081006-tlee\/gigabit-128.png\" alt=\"Size=128, 1Gb Ethernet\" title=\"Size=128, 1Gb Ethernet\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.jboss.org\/dms\/netty\/performance\/20081006-tlee\/gigabit-1024.png\" alt=\"Size=1024, 1Gb Ethernet\" title=\"Size=1024, 1Gb Ethernet\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.jboss.org\/dms\/netty\/performance\/20081006-tlee\/gigabit-4096.png\" alt=\"Size=4096, 1Gb Ethernet\" title=\"Size=4096, 1Gb Ethernet\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Running the Tests by Yourself<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The test result should be always reproduceable. Please give us your feed back to improve the accuracy of the test result. The full source code is available at the Subversion repository:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>svn co http:\/\/anonsvn.jboss.org\/repos\/netty\/subproject\/benchmark<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>All tests run by Ant. Enter \u2018<tt>ant -p<\/tt>\u2018 to see the instruction.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Most NIO frameworks can saturate 1 gigabit ethernet at some point. However, some frameworks can saturate the bandwidth with the smaller number of connections while others can not. The performance numbers of the 5 well-known open source NIO frameworks are presented here to help you figure out the excellence of Netty in performance. Where\u2019s the&#8230; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/vault.motd.kr\/wordpress\/posts\/2232\/performance-comparison-between-nio-frameworks\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&#8594;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<title>Performance Comparison between NIO Frameworks &#8212; T&#039;s message of the day<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/vault.motd.kr\/wordpress\/posts\/2232\/performance-comparison-between-nio-frameworks\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Performance Comparison between NIO Frameworks &#8212; T&#039;s message of the day\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Most NIO frameworks can saturate 1 gigabit ethernet at some point. 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